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8708 94Select TARIC subcode

Steering wheels, steering columns and steering boxes; parts thereof

Available TARIC subcodes: 8
8708 949910

an outer diameter of 81,2 mm or more, but not more than 82,55 mm, -an inner diameter of 25,9 mm or more, but not more than 25,97 mm, -a height of the lower side of inner diameter of 11,63 mm or more, but not more than 12,13 mm, -a height of the upper side of inner diameter of 3,25 mm or more, but not more than 3,5 mm, -an overall height of 11,63 mm or more, but not more than 19,5 mmfor use in the manufacture of vehicle's steering system

Duty 0-3,5%VAT 23%
8708 949920

a torsional rigidity of 25 Nm/degree or more, -a tubular male shaft in welded carbon steel tube (per GB/T 699 grade 20), -a tubular female shaft in welded carbon steel tube (per with GB/T 699 grade 20), -two spiders universal joint made of chromium alloy steel (per GB/T 5216 grade 20CrMnTiH), -a length in nominal telescope position of 396 mm or more but not more than 467 mm, -a coupling interface on both ends with internal toothing, -two cardan joints on both sides, -a telescope shaft function with a range of 74 mm or more but not more than 115 mm,for use in the manufacture of vehicle's steering system

Duty 0-3,5%VAT 23%
8708 949930

an ultimate torsional strength load of 325 Nm or more and Johnson Apparent Elastic Limit (J.A.E.L) values of 275 Nm or more, -a length of 66,39 mm or more but not more than 88,64 mm, -an outer diameter of 27,47 mm or more but not more than 28,38 mm, -an inner hole of diameter 6,50 mm or more but not more than 6,58 mm, -an external 26-teeth spline with major diameter 21,18 mm or more but not more than 21,44 mm, -a knurling on a part of outer surface of major diameter 26,0 mm or more but not more than 26,1 mm, -with or without an external 24-tooth spline and with a major diameter 24,75 mm or more but not more than 25 mm,for use in the manufacture of vehicle's steering system

Duty 0-3,5%VAT 23%
8708 949940

an ultimate torsional strength load of 325 Nm or more and Johnson Apparent Elastic Limit (J.A.E.L) values of 275 Nm or more, -a length of 165,3 mm or more but not more than 204,2 mm, -an outer diameter of 22,87 mm or more but not more than 22,92 mm, -an internal hole of diameter 6,50 or more but not more than 6,58 mm, -an external spline,for use in the manufacture of vehicle's steering system

Duty 0-3,5%VAT 23%
8708 949950

an ultimate torsional strength of 260 Nm or more, -a length of 296,7 mm or more but not more than 297,8 mm, -an external 18-tooth spline on all shaft length with major diameter of 28,7 mm or more but not more than 29 mm, -an 18-tooth internal spline with a minor diameter of 19,7 mm or more but not more than 20 mm,for use in the manufacture of vehicle's steering system

Duty 0-3,5%VAT 23%
8708 949960

a shaft torsional stiffness of 2,5 Nm/degree or more but not more than 2,7 Nm/degree, -a length of 107,75 mm or more but not more than 108,25 mm, -an outer diameter of 6,38 mm or more but not more than 6,42 mm, -two external 18-tooth splines on both shaft ends with a major diameter of 6,70 mm or more but not more than 6,85 mm, as interface to pressing with matting input and output shafts, -entire surface shot peened,for use in the manufacture of vehicle's steering system

Duty 0-3,5%VAT 23%
8708 949970

an ultimate torsional strength of 300 Nm or more and Johnson Apparent Elastic Limit (J.A.E.L) values of 275 Nm or more, -a length of 245,48 mm or more but not more than 287,5 mm, -an outer diameter of 23,95 mm or more but not more than 32,25 mm, -an interface for steering wheel connection either in a form of an external 40-tooth spline with major diameter of 17,1 mm or more but not more than 17,5 mm and an internal thread M12x1,75-6H or in a form of an external hexagon with a short diagonal of 15,05 mm or more but not more than 15,35mm and an internal thread M10x1.5-6H, -an interface either in a form of an internal 10-tooth spline of length of 98.0 mm or more but not more than 160 mm, with minor diameter of 16,1 mm or more but not more than 16,4 mm or in a form of an internal 48-tooth spline of length of 151 mm or more but not more than 160 mm, with minor diameter of 23,2 mm or more but not more than 23,3 mm,for use in the manufacture of vehicle's steering system

Duty 0-3,5%VAT 23%
8708 949990

Other

Duty 0-3,5%VAT 23%
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Classification of steering systems CN 870894

CN code 870894 covers steering wheels, steering columns, and steering gear boxes, including power steering, and their parts, intended for motor vehicles under headings 8701 to 8705. The steering system is a critical vehicle safety system enabling the driver to control the direction of travel. This code classifies steering wheels, steering columns with adjustment mechanisms, rack-and-pinion and recirculating-ball steering gear boxes, hydraulic power steering pumps, electric power steering motors (EPS), tie rods, tie rod ends, and rubber boots. Modern steering systems include electric power steering (EPS), active steering systems with variable ratio, and steer-by-wire systems. Duty rates should be verified in the TARIC or ISZTAR system.

Safety requirements for steering system components

Steering system components imported into the EU are subject to stringent safety requirements due to their critical importance for driving safety. Steering gear boxes and steering columns must comply with UNECE Regulation No. 79 on uniform provisions concerning the approval of steering equipment. Steering wheels must meet driver protection requirements in frontal collisions. Tie rod ends and other articulated components are subject to strength standards. Aftermarket steering system components should be compatible with the vehicle's original type approval. Importing substandard steering components poses a road safety risk. Aftermarket manufacturers should provide quality certificates confirming compliance with strength and material standards.

Steering component market and technologies

The steering systems market is undergoing technological transformation. Electric power steering (EPS) is replacing hydraulic systems across all vehicle segments, offering lower energy consumption and ADAS integration capability. Steer-by-wire systems, eliminating the mechanical link between steering wheel and road wheels, are entering the market in premium and autonomous vehicles. Manufacturers such as ZF, Bosch, JTEKT, and NSK dominate the global steering systems market. Third-country steering component imports mainly serve the aftermarket – tie rod ends, joints, and rubber boots. The sport and personalised steering wheel market represents a niche but growing aftermarket segment. Autonomous vehicles require new steering concepts, including retractable steering wheels.

Frequently asked questions

Do aftermarket tie rod ends require type approval?
Tie rod ends and other articulated steering system components do not require separate E-mark approval for aftermarket sale. They must however meet strength standards and be manufactured from materials ensuring safe operation. Aftermarket manufacturers typically offer quality certificates (e.g., TUV) confirming standards compliance. Fitting substandard steering components poses a safety risk and may result in legal liability for the installer and supplier.
How to classify an electric power steering unit (EPS)?
An electric power steering unit (EPS), comprising an electric motor, electronic controller, and reduction mechanism, is classified under CN code 870894 as a steering system component for motor vehicles. Classification covers both complete EPS modules and their individual parts. The key factor is intended purpose – the component must be designed for installation in a vehicle steering system. The electric motor forming part of the EPS is not classified separately as an electric motor.
Are sport steering wheels subject to EU regulations?
Sport steering wheels (replacement steering wheels) must meet safety standards for impact energy absorption to protect the driver in frontal collisions. In many EU countries, replacing the original steering wheel with a sport version requires a technical inspection and registration document entry. Steering wheels without an airbag may not meet safety requirements for vehicles factory-fitted with a driver airbag, potentially voiding the vehicle's type approval compliance.